怎樣分析長(zhǎng)難句丨出國(guó)考試培訓(xùn)專家

有的老師說(shuō)要分析長(zhǎng)難句，得先抓句子主干?？?/span>怎么抓他又說(shuō)得含含糊糊。有人說(shuō)要抓主謂賓，可我從哪下手，才能抓住主謂賓？還有人說(shuō)要抓動(dòng)詞，一個(gè)長(zhǎng)難句中有那么多動(dòng)詞，我抓哪個(gè)呢？就好像咱媽總逼咱找個(gè)老婆，可外面那么多老婆，我找誰(shuí)的合適呢？

教師說(shuō)話，必須一針見(jiàn)血，可操作、可復(fù)制。來(lái)跟著魔力英語(yǔ)的怪蜀黍Shelfom一起分析長(zhǎng)難句。默念口訣：先做減法，后做加法。英文叫MBP：Minus Before Plus.

句子之所以長(zhǎng)且難，是因?yàn)樘琢撕芏嘈揎棥⑾薅ǔ煞?，所以我們先要把這些成分砍掉（主要是定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)）?？车糁螅鞲勺詣?dòng)浮現(xiàn)。

定語(yǔ)主要指名詞后面的4種常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)，如

• 介詞短語(yǔ)

  fish ( in the water )

  workers ( on duty )

• 現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)

  baby ( crying for milk )

  crowds ( passing by )

• 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)

  meeting ( held yesterday )

  letter ( written in English )

• 不定式短語(yǔ)

  nothing ( to do )

  someone ( to talk to )

砍掉的，當(dāng)然還包括定語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句這兩種修飾性從句。

• 定語(yǔ)從句

  mails ( which came this morning )

• 狀語(yǔ)從句

  I agreed ( because I had no choice ).

簡(jiǎn)稱四短二從，即四個(gè)短語(yǔ)和兩個(gè)從句。大家平時(shí)分析句子時(shí)要像上述例子一樣，先把“四短二從”括起來(lái)刪掉?？辞寰渥又鞲珊?，再一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)加回來(lái)?？聪旅孢@個(gè)雅思閱讀真題中的句子。

A few years ago, in one of the most fascinating and disturbing experiments in behavioural psychology, Stanley Milgram of Yale University tested 40 subjects from all walks of life for their willingness to obey instructions given by a “l(fā)eader” in a situation in which the subjects might feel a personal distaste for the actions they were called upon to perform.  

先做減法，劃括號(hào)：( A few years ago ), ( in one of the most fascinating and disturbing experiments ( in behavioural psychology ), Stanley Milgram ( of Yale University ) tested 40 subjects ( from all walks of life ( for their willingness ( to obey instructions ( given by a “l(fā)eader” ( in a situation ( in which the subjects might feel a personal distaste ( for the actions ( they were called upon ( to perform. 

句子主干浮現(xiàn)：Stanley Milgram tested subjects. 即SM拿別人做了個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。

再做加法。

• 從離主干最近的地方開(kāi)始往回加

  Stanley Milgram ( of Yale University ) tested 40 subjects ( from all walks of life......

• 目的狀語(yǔ)for their willingness ( to obey instructions修飾tested。

• 后置定語(yǔ)given by a“l(fā)eader”修飾instructions。

• 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) in a situation修飾to obey。

• 定語(yǔ)從句in which the subjects might feel a personal distaste修飾situation。

• 后置定語(yǔ)for the actions修飾distaste。

• 定語(yǔ)從句they were called upon to perform修飾actions。

就是說(shuō)：幾年前，耶魯這位大哥測(cè)驗(yàn)了來(lái)自社會(huì)各界的40個(gè)人，想看看他們?cè)诒救瞬幌矚g的前提下，是否愿意遵從“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)”的指令。這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)跟魔力英語(yǔ)的教學(xué)風(fēng)格一樣，極專業(yè)，極有趣，極變態(tài)。